*thicker needles include 27G, 28G, 30G, #31G
1. Arendt-Nielsen L et al. Pain following controlled cutaneous insertion of needles with different diameters. Somatosens Mot Res. 2006;23(1-2):37–43.
2. Birkebaek NH et al. A 4-mm needle reduces the risk of intramuscular injections without increasing backflow to skin surface in lean diabetic children and adults. Diabetes Care. 2008;31(9): e65.
3. NovoFine DVT report.
4.Frid AH, Kreugel G, Grassi G, Halimi S, Hicks D, Hirsch LJ, et al. New Insulin Delivery Recommendations. Mayo Clin Proc. 2016;91(9):1231-55.
5. NovoFine DVT report. #Yamada, 1967-PO 66th Annual Meeting and Scientific Sessions of the American Diabetes Association, 2006.